FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

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OPERATING SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTERS

COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEMS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
In modern operating systems, main memory is allocated to fixed size page frames which can be paged out to a swap file on ____ This is termed virtual memory and permits the system to manage many more processes than it would be able to if it just relied on main memory alone.
A
secondary storage memory
B
virtual memory
C
reading and writing memory
D
cache memory
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Swap-in: A swap-in process in which a process moves from secondary storage / hard disk to main memory (RAM). Swap out: Swap out takes a process out of the main memory and places it in secondary memory.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the default Windows configuration, 2 gigabytes (GB) of this virtual address space are designated for the private use of each process, and the other 2 GB is shared between all processes and the operating system.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the Paging method, the main memory is divided into small fixed-size blocks of physical memory, which is called frames. The size of a frame should be kept the same as that of a page to have maximum utilization of the main memory and to avoid external fragmentation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Compaction is a memory management technique in which the free space of a running system is compacted, to reduce fragmentation problem and improve memory allocation efficiency. Compaction is used by many modern operating systems, such as Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X.

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