FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

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OPERATING SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTERS

COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEMS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
In modern operating systems, main memory is allocated to fixed size page frames which can be paged out to a swap file on secondary storage memory. This is termed ____ and permits the system to manage many more processes than it would be able to if it just relied on main memory alone.
A
fast memory
B
virtual memory
C
reading and writing memory
D
cache memory
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -This is usually implemented using a base register and a limit register for each process, as shown in Figures 8.1 and 8.2 below. Every memory access made by a user process is checked against these two registers, and if a memory access is attempted outside the valid range, then a fatal error is generated.

Detailed explanation-2: -Compaction is a memory management technique in which the free space of a running system is compacted, to reduce fragmentation problem and improve memory allocation efficiency. Compaction is used by many modern operating systems, such as Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X.

Detailed explanation-3: -Swap-in: A swap-in process in which a process moves from secondary storage / hard disk to main memory (RAM). Swap out: Swap out takes a process out of the main memory and places it in secondary memory.

Detailed explanation-4: -In computer operating systems, memory paging (or swapping on some Unix-like systems) is a memory management scheme by which a computer stores and retrieves data from secondary storage for use in main memory. In this scheme, the operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called pages.

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