FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -A computer’s basic input/output system (BIOS) is a program that’s stored in nonvolatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory, making it firmware. The BIOS (sometimes called ROM BIOS) is always the first program that executes when a computer is powered up.

Detailed explanation-2: -Originally, BIOS firmware was stored in a ROM chip on the PC motherboard. In later computer systems, the BIOS contents are stored on flash memory so it can be rewritten without removing the chip from the motherboard.

Detailed explanation-3: -ROM contains the programming that allows a computer to start up or regenerate each time it is turned on. ROM also performs large input/output (I/O) tasks and protects programs or software instructions. Once data is written on a ROM chip, it cannot be removed.

Detailed explanation-4: -PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) PROM is read-only memory that can be modified only once by a user. The user buys a blank PROM and enters the desired contents using a PROM program. Inside the PROM chip, there are small fuses which are burnt open during programming.