FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -An absolute reference is designated in a formula by the addition of a dollar sign ($) before the column and row. If it precedes the column or row (but not both), it’s known as a mixed reference. You will use the relative (A2) and absolute ($A$2) formats in most formulas.

Detailed explanation-2: -In Excel, an absolute reference is a cell reference in which the column and row coordinates stay constant while copying a formula from one cell to the other. A dollar symbol ($) is used before the coordinates to correct them. For instance, $D$2 is an absolute reference to cell D2.

Detailed explanation-3: -In other words, using $ in cell references allows you to copy the formula in Excel without changing references. For example, if you have 10 in cell A1 and you use an absolute cell reference ($A$1), the formula =$A$1+5 will always return 15, no matter what other cells that formula is copied to.

Detailed explanation-4: -In an absolute reference, each part of the reference (the letter that refers to the row and the number that refers to the column) is preceded by a “$” – for example, $A$1 is an absolute reference to cell A1. Wherever the formula is copied or moved, it always refers to cell A1.