FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -An absolute reference in Excel refers to a reference that is ‘locked’ so that the rows and columns do not change when they are copied. It is represented by adding a ‘$’ sign before the row and column.

Detailed explanation-2: -For example, A1 is a relative cell reference, and it would become absolute when you make it $A$1.

Detailed explanation-3: -$A$1 is an absolute cell reference. An absolute cell reference stays constant and freezes the respective row and column. The shortcut key to make a cell reference absolute is pressing the F4 key on the keyboard.

Detailed explanation-4: -Absolute references An absolute reference is designated in a formula by the addition of a dollar sign ($) before the column and row. If it precedes the column or row (but not both), it’s known as a mixed reference. You will use the relative (A2) and absolute ($A$2) formats in most formulas.

Detailed explanation-5: -The cell reference is automatically made absolute by Excel! Excel will cycle through each possible absolute reference by pressing F4 repeatedly. For instance, instead of typing =B7*$B$9, I could have used the F4 key to change B7 to $B$9 in the first absolute cell reference formula in this article, =B7*$B$9.