EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The concept of the regulation of the internal environment was described by French physiologist Claude Bernard in 1849, and the word homeostasis was coined by Walter Bradford Cannon in 1926.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cannon (1871–1945). He built upon the work of Claude Bernard and coined the word homeostasis to describe a self-regulating process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to changing conditions.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cannon proposed the existence and functional unity of the sympathoadrenal (or “sympathoadrenomedullary” or “sympathico-adrenal”) system. He theorized that the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal gland work together as a unit to maintain homeostasis in emergencies.

Detailed explanation-4: -Claude Bernard originally proposed the concept of the constancy of the “milieu interieur, ” but his discussion was rather abstract. Walter Cannon introduced the term “homeostasis” and expanded Bernard’s notion of “constancy” of the internal environment in an explicit and concrete way.

Detailed explanation-5: -Homeostasis is maintained within the internal environment of the body. The human body is composed of cells surrounded by extracellular material which is mostly fluid. Cells are responsible for controlling bodily activities and also controlling the composition of the material that surrounds them.