GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The most common volcanic gas is water vapor, followed by carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide can cause breathing problems in both healthy people and people with asthma and other respiratory problems. Other volcanic gases include hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen fluoride.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ninety-nine percent of the gas molecules emitted during a volcanic eruption are water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The remaining one percent is comprised of small amounts of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, and other minor gas species.

Detailed explanation-3: -A new international study in Science, led by National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) scientist Holger Vömel, uses data from radiosondes worldwide to show that the eruption of a submarine volcano in January raised the global amount of water vapor in the stratosphere.

Detailed explanation-4: -A volcanic eruption is when lava and gas are released from a volcano-sometimes explosively. The most dangerous type of eruption is called a ‘glowing avalanche’ which is when freshly erupted magma flows down the sides of a volcano. They can travel quickly and reach temperatures of up to 1, 200 degrees Fahrenheit.

Detailed explanation-5: -Volcanic gases that pose the greatest potential hazards are sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen fluoride. Locally, sulfur dioxide gas can lead to acid rain and air pollution downwind from a volcano. These gases can come from lava flows as well as a volcano that erupts violently.