GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Earth’s Magnetism is generated by convection currents of molten iron and nickel in the earth’s core. These currents carry streams of charged particles and generate magnetic fields.

Detailed explanation-2: -The cooling and crystallization of the core stirs up the surrounding liquid iron, creating powerful electric currents that generate a magnetic field stretching far out into space. This magnetic field is known as the geodynamo.

Detailed explanation-3: -Opposite poles are attracted to each other, while the same poles repel each other. When you rub a piece of iron along a magnet, the north-seeking poles of the atoms in the iron line up in the same direction. The force generated by the aligned atoms creates a magnetic field. The piece of iron has become a magnet.

Detailed explanation-4: -The core is made of two layers: the outer core, which borders the mantle, and the inner core. The boundary separating these regions is called the Bullen discontinuity. Outer Core The outer core, about 2, 200 kilometers (1, 367 miles) thick, is mostly composed of liquid iron and nickel.

Detailed explanation-5: -The intense heat in Earth’s dense inner core causes the outer core-composed of liquid iron-to swirl and churn, generating electric currents, and driving a phenomenon called the geodynamo, which powers Earth’s magnetic field.