GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chemical bonds in minerals are of four types: covalent, ionic, metallic, or Van der Waals, with covalent and ionic bonds most common.

Detailed explanation-2: -Most minerals are characterized by ionic or covalent bonds, or a combination of the two, but one other type of bond which is geologically important is the metallic bond. Elements that behave as metals have outer electrons that are relatively loosely held.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most minerals are characterized by ionic bonds, covalent bonds, or a combination of the two, but there are other types of bonds that are important in minerals, including metallic bonds and weaker electrostatic forces (hydrogen or Van der Waals bonds).

Detailed explanation-4: -Bonding in most of the minerals we geologists deal with is largely ionic, however, covalent bonding does occur to a lesser degree. 3.

Detailed explanation-5: -The most common type of plastic boning-and the most widely available-is known as “Rigilene” which is made from polyester, a type of plastic. Rigilene has been the boning of choice for many a dressmaker over many a decade.