GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The movement of material due to differences in density is called convection. The differences in density caused by temperature variations result in the the movement of matter and transfer of energy as heat.

Detailed explanation-2: -Convection currents are the result of differential heating. Lighter (less dense), warm material rises while heavier (more dense) cool material sinks. It is this movement that creates circulation patterns known as convection currents in the atmosphere, in water, and in the mantle of Earth.

Detailed explanation-3: -The heated molecules take up more space and rise to the top, while the cooler molecules sink to the bottom. These cooler molecules then become heated. The process is repeated. This cycle is called the convection current.

Detailed explanation-4: -Convection currents (sometimes also called “density currents”) result from differences in density of a substance, and density can be altered by changing the temperature, salinity, or pressure of a substance. Less dense substances RISE, while more dense substances SINK.

Detailed explanation-5: -Convection is heat transfer due to a density differential within a fluid. As water’s temperature increases in the presence of a heat source, it will become less dense and rise. As it moves up and away from the heat source, it cools and becomes more dense and sinks.