HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Alley cropping is a specific practice in which trees or shrubs and agricultural crops are grown in alternate rows (Figure 11.31). The trees are commonly pruned to limit the shading of the agricultural crop. Alley cropping can also contribute to nutrient cycling and erosion control.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hardwood timber or nut trees: Hardwoods such as black walnut or pecan may be combined with annual crops such as corn or soybeans. Forage crops can be cultivated between tree rows for harvest or livestock grazing, or shrubs palatable to livestock can be grown for fodder, e.g. tagasaste.

Detailed explanation-3: -Row Spacing in Alley Cropping Program Between-row spacing changes depending upon a variety of management decisions. For example, trees planted for wood fiber production will need less between-row spacing than if nut production is emphasized. 2. Within row spacing varies with the intent of the Alley cropping program.

Detailed explanation-4: -Alley Cropping, also known as Hedgerow Intercropping is the practice of growing agronomic or forage crops in or around rows of trees or bushes that are wide enough to act as alleyways (pathways). Corn being grown between a row of pecan trees is an excellent example of alley cropping.

Detailed explanation-5: -In an alley cropping system, trees are multi-functional: the aim is to provide a range of ecosystem services alongside wood and fruits. These include shelter for crops, host beneficial organisms, increase soil ferti-lity and carbon storage, mitigate climate change, and provide protection against soil erosion.