HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Nosema is a serious disease of adult European honey bees including queen bees. In some years, nosema may cause serious losses of adult bees and colonies in autumn and spring. The disease is caused by the spore forming microsporidian – Nosema apis. Spores of this organism can only be seen using a light microscope.

Detailed explanation-2: -To date, two microsporidian parasites have been described from honey bees: Nosema apis (Zander) and N. ceranae. Nosema apis is a parasite of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera), and N. ceranae of the Asian (Apis cerana) and the European honey bees. Both parasites are cross-infective between host species.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nosema bombycis is a fungus and obligate intracellular parasite which causes pebrine disease in the mulberry silkworm. The silkworm is highly affected by this parasite. The whole life cycle of this worm gets affected due to this disease.