HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The material properties of nanostructures are different from the bulk due to the high surface area over volume ratio and possible appearance of quantum effects at the nanoscale. The study of size and shape effects on material properties has attracted enormous attention due to their scientific and industrial importance.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles, can behave quite differently to their bulk material equivalents, because they have huge surface areas for a small volume of material. A high surface-area : volume ratio often makes nanomaterials much more reactive than bulk material composed of the same chemistry.

Detailed explanation-3: -While bulk materials have constant physical properties regardless of size, the size of a nanoparticle dictates its physical and chemical properties. Thus, the properties of a material change as its size approaches nanoscale proportions and as the percentage of atoms at the surface of a material becomes significant.

Detailed explanation-4: -The key difference between nanomaterials and bulk materials is that the nanomaterials have their size in 1-100 nm range at least in one dimension whereas the bulk materials have their size above 100 nm in all dimensions. Nanomaterials and bulk materials are the two major types of particles.

Detailed explanation-5: -Explanation: Size distribution, specific surface feature and quantum size effects are the principal factor which causes the properties of nanomaterials to differ significantly from other materials.