HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Bolting is induced by plant hormones of the gibberellin family, and can occur as a result of several factors, including changes in day-length, the prevalence of high temperatures at particular stages in a plant’s growth-cycle, and the existence of stresses such as insufficient water or minerals.

Detailed explanation-2: -The rapid stem elongation of rosette plant is called bolting. Bolting needs either long days or cold treatment. However, bolting can be induced artificially by the application of gibberellic acid under normal conditions. So, the correct answer is ‘Elongation of stem in rosette plants’

Detailed explanation-3: -GA stimulates the seed germination whereas, ABA is involved in the establishment and maintenance of dormancy. GA exerts its influence in two manners, first by increasing the growth potential of embryo and second by inducing hydrolytic enzymes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gibberellic acid stimulates intercalary meristem which promotes elongation of the internode. This is called as bolting effect. Bolting is when agricultural and horticultural crops prematurely produce a flowering stem before the crop is harvested in a natural attempt to produce seeds.