HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Transpiration helps in the conduction of water and minerals to different parts of the plants. Due to the continuous elimination of water from the plant body, there is a balance of water maintained within the plant. It maintains osmosis and keeps the cells rigid.

Detailed explanation-2: -It has two main functions: cooling the plant and pumping water and minerals to the leaves for photosynthesis. Transpiration results in transpiration pull which thereby increases the rate of absorption of water along with minerals from the soil through roots.

Detailed explanation-3: -Transpiration serves to evaporatively cool plants, as the evaporating water carries away heat energy due to its large latent heat of vaporization of 2260 kJ per liter. More leaves (or spines, or other photosynthesizing organs) means a bigger surface area and more stomata for gaseous exchange.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are three kinds of transpiration: stomatal transpiration, cuticular transpiration and lenticular transpiration. Mechanism of stomatal transpiration involves following steps: Osmotic diffusion of water from xylem to inter cellular spaces through mesophyll cells. Opening and closing of stomata.