HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The Phylum Ascomycota and Actinobacteria represent the two major classes of endophytes that are responsible for the production of antibiotics. The major bacterial endophyte include Streptomyces sp., which are responsible for maximum antimicrobial activity reported.

Detailed explanation-2: -Munumbicin B, an antibiotic from the endophytic bacterium is reported to be effective against MDR-TB. Further clinical trials with this compound may pave the way for an anti-MDR-TB drug. Malaria (a protozoal infection) is very common in tropical countries.

Detailed explanation-3: -Endophytes are abundant in plants and studies are continuously emanating on their ability to protect plants from pathogens that cause diseases especially in the field of agriculture. The advantage that endophytes have over other biocontrol agents is the ability to colonize plant’s internal tissues.

Detailed explanation-4: -Bacterial endophytes are diverse in nature and are known to produce different bioactive metabolites that act as antimicrobial and anticancer compounds, for example, with 76% of them reported from the single genus, Streptomyces (Berdy, 2012).