HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Aphids have a tail-like protrusion called a cauda above their rectal apertures. They have lost their Malpighian tubules. When host plant quality becomes poor or conditions become crowded, some aphid species produce winged offspring (alates) that can disperse to other food sources.

Detailed explanation-2: -Generally adult aphids are wingless, but most species also occur in winged forms, especially when populations are high or during spring and fall. The ability to produce winged individuals provides the pest with a way to disperse to other plants when the quality of the food source deteriorates.

Detailed explanation-3: -Aphids are small soft-bodied gregarious insects. Adults may be winged or wingless.