HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomata are generally more numerous on the underside of leaves. They provide for the exchange of gases between the outside air and the branched system of interconnecting air canals within the leaf. A stomate opens and closes in response to the internal pressure of two sausage-shaped guard cells that surround it.

Detailed explanation-2: -The opening and closing of stomata is regulated by the integration of environmental signals and endogenous hormonal stimuli. The various different factors to which the guard cells respond translates into the complexity of the network of signaling pathways that control stomatal movements.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stomata provide for gas exchange and transpiration. Two guard cells that control the opening and shutting of the stomata surround it. For gaseous exchange and to release water vapor during transpiration, stomata open during the day. The change in the guard cell’s turgor pressure causes the stomata to open and close.

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells use osmotic pressure to open and close stomata, allowing plants to regulate the amount of water and solutes within them. In order for plants to produce energy and maintain cellular function, their cells undergo the highly intricate process of photosynthesis .