HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -subsistence farming, form of farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock raised are used to maintain the farmer and the farmer’s family, leaving little, if any, surplus for sale or trade. Preindustrial agricultural peoples throughout the world have traditionally practiced subsistence farming.

Detailed explanation-2: -The correct option is A shifting cultivation. Primitive subsistence agriculture is also known as shifting cultivation or slash and burn cultivation. In this type of farming, a patch of land is cleared and then set on fire. This patch of land is used to sow seeds and grow crops.

Detailed explanation-3: -In commercial farming crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in market. The area cultivated and the amount of capital used is large. Most of the work is done by machines. Commercial farming includes commercial grain farming, mixed farming and plantation agriculture (Fig 4.5).