HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Waterlogging is caused by a combination of excess rainfall (for the site), poor external drain-age (runoff), poor internal drainage (water movement in the soil profile) and the inability of the soil to store much water.

Detailed explanation-2: -These problems are the result of a multitude of factors, including seepage from unlined earthen canals system, inadequate provision of surface and subsurface drainage, poor water management practices, insufficient water supplies and use of poor quality groundwater for irrigation.

Detailed explanation-3: -In Pakistan, more than 6.3 million hectares have been damaged by salinity and 1 million hectares are damaged by waterlogging. Noteworthy efforts have been taken to reduce the severity of this issue but operational cost and maintenance of the launched projects are major turnbacks.