HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The gametes are produced on the gametophytes . The sperm are produced within tiny, typically stalked, club-shaped structures called antheridia and you can also see bryophyte sperm referred to as antherozoids. The stalk anchors the antheridium to the gametophyte. Each antheridium produces numerous sperm.

Detailed explanation-2: -Antheridium and archegonium are reproductive organs in nonflowering plants such as ferns, mosses, and other nonflowering plants. The antheridium is the male gametophyte and produces sperm cells (male gametes). The antheridium will produce numerous sperm for fertilization.

Detailed explanation-3: -In many mosses the leaves around the male stem tip that encircle the antheridia form a ‘splash cup’. Sperm are released into rainwater or condensation that collects within the cup and are then splashed out when rain drops strike the water. In this way the sperm are carried to the archegonia on nearby plants.

Detailed explanation-4: -Archegonia and antheridia are produced by archegonium apical stem cells and antheridium apical stem cells, respectively, which are located at the tip of the gametophore [15, 16].