HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -On the basis of presence or absence of specialized vascular tissues, plants are classified into two groups. They are, Non-vascular plants – Thallophyta and Bryophyta. Vascular plants – Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.

Detailed explanation-2: -No, the non-vascular plants do not have vascular tissue consisting of xylem and phloem and hence are termed non-vascular plants. These plants lack these specialized conducting vascular tissues, but some contain simpler tissues for the transportation of water.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plants are classified into two groups: nonvascular plants and vascular plants. Vascular plants are further divided into those that reproduce without seeds and those that reproduce with seeds. Seed plants are divided into those that produce seeds in cones and those that produce seeds in the ovaries of flowers.

Detailed explanation-4: -Most extant plants on Earth have vascular systems, including the lower vascular plants (lycophytes and ferns), gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Discrete clusters of xylem and phloem tissues, known as vascular bundles, run longitudinally along the stem.