HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The deserts are regions with hot and dry climates all the year round. Lack of rainfall or very little rainfall makes the climate extremely dry for the survival of plants. Hence the plants adapt to this by storing water in stems, roots, or fleshy leaves and by employing CAM process.

Detailed explanation-2: -They have a thick cuticle layer on the leaves that reduces water loss by transpiration. They possess long tap roots that reach deep under the ground to absorb water. Plants like succulents reserve water in stems, roots, leaves, and even fruits and also have waxy skin that prevents transpirational water loss.

Detailed explanation-3: -CAM plants have evolved a specialized type of photosynthetic adaptation that allows them to live under conditions of severe water deficit and in semi-arid and arid regions of the world including deserts.

Detailed explanation-4: -Background: Plants adapt to seasonal and yearly fluctuations in ambient temperature by altering multiple aspects of their development, such as growth and the time to initiate flowering. These modifications in plant development depending on temperature are known as thermal developmental plasticity.