HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The transpiration rate is directly proportional to the absorption of water by the roots from the soil. A decrease in water absorption causes the closure of stomata and wilting, thereby reducing the rate of transpiration.

Detailed explanation-2: -A pair of guard cells surrounds each stoma, and these cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pore between them. Guard cells regulate this opening and closing in response to a wide variety of environmental signals, such as day/night rhythms, CO2 availability, and temperature.

Detailed explanation-3: -The plant must have a continuous supply of water to be able to transpire. If adequate water cannot be absorbed by the roots and carried up the xylem, the rate of transpiration will decrease. A lack of water supply will also decrease the rate of photosynthesis and the overall health of the plant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Upon the incoming of water inside the guard cells, they swell up to become like a curved banana surface, due to which the stomatal pore opens up. When the guard cells lose water, they become flaccid and straight and thus, close the stomatal aperture. Guard cells and stomata regulates the respiration process in plants.