HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma, uses energy derived from these compounds to make GA3P from CO2.

Detailed explanation-2: -This overview of photosynthesis shows the light-dependent reaction taking place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast and the Calvin cycle taking place in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Detailed explanation-3: -The light-independent reactions release energy, and the light-dependent reactions require energy. The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are then used by the light-independent reactions.

Detailed explanation-4: -The light-dependent reactions transform the energy in sunlight to chemical energy in the form of electrons with high potential energy. These electrons are used to produce ATP and the electron carrier NADPH. Then the reactions of the Calvin cycle use the ATP and NADPH to reduce: carbon dioxide to carbohydrate.

Detailed explanation-5: -The light-dependent reactions release oxygen as a byproduct as water is broken apart. In the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma, the chemical energy derived from the light-dependent reactions drives both the capture of carbon in carbon dioxide molecules and the subsequent assembly of sugar molecules.