HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Gymnosperms – plants with cones. Angiosperms – plants with flowers.

Detailed explanation-2: -Angiosperms do not produce cones and produce flowers/fruits instead. Gymnosperms are vascular plants that produce cones. Cones have their seeds exposed on the surface of their leaf-like structures instead of the seeds being enclosed in an ovary.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gymnosperms are a relatively small group of plants that do not flower and bear “naked seeds.” This means that the seeds are produced on the surface of the reproductive structure, rather than enclosed within it as in a fruit.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gymnosperms produce both male and female cones, each making the gametes needed for fertilization; this makes them heterosporous. Megaspores made in cones develop into the female gametophytes inside the ovules of gymnosperms, while pollen grains develop from cones that produce microspores.