HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Charles Darwin was one of the first to scientifically document that roots show positive gravitropism and stems show negative gravitropism. That is, roots grow in the direction of gravitational pull (i.e., downward) and stems grow in the opposite direction (i.e., upwards).

Detailed explanation-2: -Positive gravitropism occurs when roots grow into soil because they grow in the direction of gravity while negative gravitropism occurs when shoots grow up toward sunlight in the opposite direction of gravity.

Detailed explanation-3: -The roots of a plant demonstrate negative gravitropism, and the shoots of a plant demonstrate positive gravitropism.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants have the ability to sense a change in the direction of gravity, which leads to the re-orientation of their growth direction, so-called gravitropism. In general, plant stems grow upward (negative gravitropism), whereas roots grow downward (positive gravitropism).

Detailed explanation-5: -When the stem grows against the force of gravity (upwards), this is known as a negative gravitropism. When a root grows in the direction of the force of gravity (downwards), this is known as a positive gravitropism.