HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Guard cells are pairs of epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores.

Detailed explanation-2: -Two guard cells surround each stomatal pore, and changes in turgor pressure of the guard cells regulate the size of the pore aperture. An increase in guard cell turgor results in stomatal opening, whereas a reduction in turgor leads to stomatal closure (Willmer and Fricker 1996).

Detailed explanation-3: -Guard cells are a pair of two cells that surround each stoma opening. To open, the cells are triggered by one of many possible environmental or chemical signals. These can include strong sunlight or higher than average levels of carbon dioxide inside the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells are located in the leaf epidermis and pairs of guard cells surround and form stomatal pores, which regulate CO2 influx from the atmosphere into the leaves for photosynthetic carbon fixation. Stomatal guard cells also regulate water loss of plants via transpiration to the atmosphere.

Detailed explanation-5: -Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. They are kidney shape.