HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Primary dermal tissues, called epidermis, make up the outer layer of all plant organs (e.g., stems, roots, leaves, flowers). They help deter excess water loss and invasion by insects and microorganisms.

Detailed explanation-2: -epidermis, in botany, outermost, protoderm-derived layer of cells covering the stem, root, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed parts of a plant. The epidermis and its waxy cuticle provide a protective barrier against mechanical injury, water loss, and infection.

Detailed explanation-3: -Dermal tissue covers the plant and can be found on the outer layer of roots, stems and leaves. Its main functions are transpiration, gas exchange and defense. The epidermis is an example of dermal tissue (Figure 9.3. 1).