HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Its prime function is to exchange the gases by closing and opening the pores in the leaves. It assists in eradicating excess water from the leaves. It removes oxygen and takes in carbon dioxide at the time of photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf (as well as the loss of water vapor in transpiration) occurs through pores called stomata (singular = stoma). Normally stomata open when the light strikes the leaf in the morning and close during the night.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stomata can be compared to doors on the surface of the leaf. They allow air containing carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapour to both enter and leave the leaf. Therefore they play a crucial role in the functioning of the plant.

Detailed explanation-4: -The gas exchange in plants takes place through stomata, and the process is called diffusion.

Detailed explanation-5: -Through photosynthesis, they use sunlight and carbon dioxide to make food, belching out the oxygen that we breathe as a byproduct. This evolutionary innovation is so central to plant identity that nearly all land plants use the same pores-called stomata-to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.