HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Date palms are grown in the Canary Islands, northern Africa, the Middle East, Pakistan, India, Mexico, and the U.S. state of California.

Detailed explanation-2: -Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a keystone species in the oasis ecosystem because it conditions the oasis microclimate by controlling air tem-perature, humidity and soil–water dynamics, making it suitable for agriculture (de Grenade, 2013).

Detailed explanation-3: -Date palm tree starts fruiting at an average age of 5 years with an average production of 400–600 kg/tree/year and continues to produce for up to 60 years. Egypt, Iran, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Pakistan, Sudan, Oman, UAE, and Tunisia are the top ten date producing countries (Figure 2).

Detailed explanation-4: -In an oasis, the most significant plant is the date palm, which forms the upper layer. These palm trees give shade to smaller trees that form the middle layer, such as peach trees. Farmers allow the best use of the soil and water by growing plants in various layers.

Detailed explanation-5: -The most important plant in an oasis is the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), which forms the upper layer. These palm trees provide shade for smaller understory trees like apricots, dates, figs, olives, and peach trees, which form the middle layer.