HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Spore formation is an asexual mode of reproduction in which spores are stored in the sacs called sporangia and it bursts after the individual matures resulting in the dispersal of spores in the atmosphere, Mosses are bryophytes and ferns are pteridophytes and they both reproduce through spore formation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ferns produce spores on the undersides of their fronds in cases called sporangia, and mosses produce their spores in capsules that are borne on the ends of stalks.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fungus, moss and fern reproduce by the method of spore formation, which is a type of asexual reproduction.

Detailed explanation-4: -The spores reside inside the brown capsule on the seta, which is a long stem-like supporting stalk. Upon the ripening of spores, they diffuse from the capsules to further the process of fertilization. Sexual reproduction in mosses depends on exposure to moisture.