HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Phylloclades are flattened stems that resemble leaves that can continue growing indeterminately (Figure 11.4.

Detailed explanation-2: -bulb, in botany, a modified stem that is the resting stage of certain seed plants, particularly perennial monocotyledons. A bulb consists of a relatively large, usually globe-shaped, underground bud with membraneous or fleshy overlapping leaves arising from a short stem.

Detailed explanation-3: -In Opuntia, the stem is modified into a flattened green structure to perform the functions of leaves, (i.e., photosynthesis).

Detailed explanation-4: -These are modified floral or vegetative buds with stored food for the plant body. They are meant for vegetative propagation. Bulbils detach to become new plants. Example: Dioscorea, where bulbils are condensed axillary buds, in lily, the floral buds transform to bulbils.