HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The majority of CAM plants are found in hot, dry, very arid regions with little water. CAM plants undergo photosynthesis. Therefore, the stomata of such plants only open at night and remain closed throughout the day in order to prevent excessive water loss through transpiration.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stomata in CAM plants open during the dark period and close during light period. Behavior of stomata in CAM plants is part of an adaptive mechanism evolved by plants that grow in hot and dry environments to conserve water (Lee and Assmann, 1992).

Detailed explanation-3: -CAM plants open their pores only when there is no light in the environment (at night). It allows the intake of carbon dioxide from the environment. The pores remain closed in the daytime and don’t allow the uptake of gas and prevent the release of water molecules.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stomata are open during the day because this is when photosynthesis typically occurs. In photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce glucose, water, and oxygen. Glucose is used as a food source, while oxygen and water vapor escape through open stomata into the surrounding environment.

Detailed explanation-5: -CAM plants live in very dry condition and, unlike other plants, open their stomata to fix CO2 only at night. Like C4 plants, the use PEP carboxylase to fix CO2, forming oxaloacetate. The oxaloacetate is converted to malate which is stored in cell vacuoles.