HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -For GM plants, the bacterium most frequently used is called Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The gene of interest is transferred into the bacterium and the bacterial cells then transfer the new DNA to the genome of the plant cells. The plant cells that have successfully taken up the DNA are then grown to create a new plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Genetic engineering copies a gene or genes from an organism with a desired trait and adds the gene or genes to a single plant cell in a laboratory. A new plant is generated from the plant cell containing the added DNA.

Detailed explanation-3: -A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an animal, plant, or microbe whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. For thousands of years, humans have used breeding methods to modify organisms. Corn, cattle, and even dogs have been selectively bred over generations to have certain desired traits.

Detailed explanation-4: -The first genetically modified plant (GMP) was a tobacco resistant to antibiotics in 1983. In 1996, the first genetically altered crop, a delayed-ripening tomato was commercially released.