HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetically modified bacteria are used to produce large amounts of proteins for industrial use. Generally the bacteria are grown to a large volume before the gene encoding the protein is activated. The bacteria are then harvested and the desired protein purified from them.

Detailed explanation-2: -Till today, the most important in genetic engineering of plants has been the Ti plasmid of soil bacterium, Agrobacterium tumefaciens. E. Coli has been extensively used as “work horse” for genetic engineering e.g., production of humulin, somatotropin.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bacteria can translate foreign genes into proteins – and scientists have ways to ensure that the bacteria make the proteins in large amounts. For these reasons, bacteria can function as ‘protein factories’, producing medically important proteins and others.

Detailed explanation-4: -A new biodiesel product, called microdiesel, can be generated in engineered bacterial cells that condense ethanol with fatty acids. Perhaps the best fuel type to generate from biomass would be biohydrocarbons. Microbes are known to produce hydrocarbons such as isoprenes, long‐chain alkenes and alkanes.