HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Human insulin is made from genetically modified E. coli. Insulin-producing genes from humans were transferred into E. coli bacteria, which produced insulin called ‘humulin’ for clinical use using genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nowadays, recombinant human insulin is mainly produced either in E. coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Detailed explanation-3: -The correct option is C Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species: Q. Assertion :Biotechnology produces transgenic microorganisms that are micro-factories for proteins. Reason: Transgenic microorganisms can be developed to produce proteins of human use.

Detailed explanation-4: -The genetic engineering process The gene for human insulin is inserted into the gap in the plasmid. This plasmid is now genetically modified. The genetically modified plasmid is introduced into a new bacteria or yeast cell. This cell then divides rapidly and starts making insulin.