HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The development in the field of genetic engineering allowed the production of insulin in E. coli and yeast, which have been approved for therapeutic applications in human by FDA [14, 15].

Detailed explanation-2: -Recombinant DNA is a technology scientists developed that made it possible to insert a human gene into the genetic material of a common bacterium. This “recombinant” micro-organism could now produce the protein encoded by the human gene. Scientists build the human insulin gene in the laboratory.

Detailed explanation-3: -Recombinant DNA technology is the artificial recombination of DNA from two organisms. In this example, the human insulin gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid. This recombinant plasmid can then be used to transform bacteria, which gain the ability to produce the insulin protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: Scientists used recombinant DNA technology to engineer bacteria to produce insulin because it was much more efficient than other methods, such as harvesting it from the pancreases of cows. Insulin then became more easily and widely available.