HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -(SPLY-sing) The process by which introns, the noncoding regions of genes, are excised out of the primary messenger RNA transcript, and the exons (i.e., coding regions) are joined together to generate mature messenger RNA. The latter serves as the template for synthesis of a specific protein.

Detailed explanation-2: -Genetic engineering is accomplished in three basic steps. These are (1) The isolation of DNA fragments from a donor organism; (2) The insertion of an isolated donor DNA fragment into a vector genome and (3) The growth of a recombinant vector in an appropriate host.

Detailed explanation-3: -For this task, the genetic engineer uses a restriction enzyme. These enzymes recognize specific nucleotide sequences and cut the DNA at precisely those points. It is these enzymes that allow researchers to snip a gene out of the DNA sequence from one organism and splice it into the DNA of another.

Detailed explanation-4: -DNA molecules produced by splicing together two or more DNA fragments are called recombinant DNA molecules; they have made possible many new types of cell-biological studies.