HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Reproductive cloning is defined as the deliberate production of genetically identical individuals. Each newly produced individual is a clone of the original. Monozygotic (identical) twins are natural clones.

Detailed explanation-2: -The traditional technique for gene cloning involves the transfer of a DNA fragment of interest from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element, such as a bacterial plasmid. This technique is commonly used today for isolating long or unstudied genes and protein expression.

Detailed explanation-3: -What is the story behind cloning? The idea of cloning animals was first suggested in 1938 by a German embryologist called Hans Spemann. He proposed what he called a “fantastical experiment” to remove the nucleus from an egg cell and replace it with a nucleus from another cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical or virtually identical DNA, either by natural or artificial means. In nature, some organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction.