HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -When aerobic (oxygen-using) microbes completely degrade various oil constituents, the end-products are carbon dioxide and water. Some oil constituents are only partially degraded and the identities of these partially degraded compounds are not always known.

Detailed explanation-2: -Oil spills have the potential to cause huge environmental damage. Naturally occurring hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria play an important role in breaking down oil in the event of a spill. Since the mid-1990s a number of these bacteria have been isolated, such as Alcanivorax and Marinobacter.

Detailed explanation-3: -The common sources of petroleum are from seeps in the seafloor and from fatty acids and lipids produced by plants and animals. To colonize these petroleum niches, some bacteria have evolved to produce enzymes capable of breaking down petroleum and using it as an energy source for their metabolic pathways.

Detailed explanation-4: -Microbial oil is commonly defined as lipids that are accumulated by oleaginous microorganisms. In general, oleaginous microorganisms are able to accumulate intracellular oil at more than 20% of their cell dry weight.