HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -A small piece of circular DNA called a plasmid? is extracted from the bacteria or yeast cell. A small section is then cut out of the circular plasmid by restriction enzymes, ‘molecular scissors’. The gene for human insulin is inserted into the gap in the plasmid. This plasmid is now genetically modified.

Detailed explanation-2: -Biotechnology means artificially altering DNA in a context where only the genetic material of an organism is altered or artificially merging DNA from different species which would not reproduce on their own.

Detailed explanation-3: -Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are produced using scientific methods that include recombinant DNA technology and reproductive cloning.