HORTICULTURE SCIENCE
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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using vaccines to prevent the spread of disease.
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using bioindicators to monitor the water qualilty.
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using fossils to study how Earth’s organisms have changed.
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using genetically modified bacteria to make human insulin.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The first example of this occurred in 1978 when Herbert Boyer, working at a University of California laboratory, took a version of the human insulin gene and inserted into the bacterium Escherichia coli to produce synthetic “human” insulin.
Detailed explanation-2: -Recombinant human insulin is produced predominantly using E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for therapeutic use in human.
Detailed explanation-3: -In the 1980s, scientists discovered how to produce human insulin by transplanting the genetic information for the human insulin hormone from a human cell, into the DNA of the E. coli bacterium. This reprograms the bacteria to produce insulin, in just the same way as they make their own proteins.
Detailed explanation-4: -In terms of the question thus yeast is solely an example of biotechnology, but the insulin-producing bacteria is an example of biotechnology, genetic engineering, and transgenic organism.
Detailed explanation-5: -GM insulin Nowadays, most insulin is made using genetically modified bacteria that have had the human gene for insulin inserted into them. This GM insulin has some advantages over insulin taken from pigs or cattle: it can be made in very large amounts from bacteria grown in a fermenter.