HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Water is passively transported into the roots and then into the xylem via cells of cortex. Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. Root hair cells are adapted for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmosis. The forces of cohesion and adhesion cause the water molecules to form a column in the xylem.

Detailed explanation-2: -Plants absorb water and nutrients through the xylem: a tissue made up of thin tubes located just below the surface of the plant’s stems. The molecules in this tissue attract water molecules from the soil, so that the water is pulled upwards. This process is called capillary action.

Detailed explanation-3: -Movement of water into roots Water can get into xylem vessels by two routes-the symplast pathway and the apoplast pathway. If water travels via the symplast pathway then it travels from cell to cell through the cytoplasm. Neighbouring cells are connected by small channels in the cell walls called plasmodesmata.