HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Compared to the cells of the palisade layer, those of the spongy layer are spherical in shape or may be irregularly shaped (isodiametric) in some plants. These cells are also loosely packed which leaves a lot of spaces between the cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -The spongy mesophyll layer is located directly below the palisade mesophyll layer. It consists of irregularly-shaped cells that are loosely packed with air spaces in between.

Detailed explanation-3: -These are the cells of the spongy parenchyma (or spongy mesophyll). The air space found between the spongy parenchyma cells allows gaseous exchange between the leaf and the outside atmosphere through the stomata.