HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Plants ‘breathe’ too, but they do it through tiny openings in leaves called stomata (singular: stoma). Stomata open and close to allow the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen.

Detailed explanation-2: -stoma (plural stomata) A tiny opening in the surface of a plant leaf or stem. It allows gases and water vapor to escape. Some plants close their stomata at night. Other plants-those living in very dry areas such as deserts-close them during the day to keep water inside.

Detailed explanation-3: -The opening and closing of stomata are controlled by specialized cells called guard cells. The turgor pressure in the guard cells controls the opening and closing of the guard cells. Stomatal pores open when guard cells enlarge as a result of water absorption and close when guard cells shrink.

Detailed explanation-4: -A pair of guard cells surrounds each stoma, and these cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pore between them. Guard cells regulate this opening and closing in response to a wide variety of environmental signals, such as day/night rhythms, CO2 availability, and temperature.

Detailed explanation-5: -Stomata, as mentioned above, are the structures through which gas exchange occurs in leaves. Each stoma is surrounded by two guard cells, which can open and close depending on environmental conditions.