INDIAN GEOGRAPHY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sprinklers are best suited to sandy soils with high infiltration rates although they are adaptable to most soils. The average application rate from the sprinklers (in mm/hour) is always chosen to be less than the basic infiltration rate of the soil (see Annex 2) so that surface ponding and runoff can be avoided.

Detailed explanation-2: -Sandy soils have a low water storage capacity and a high infiltration rate. They therefore need frequent but small irrigation applications, in particular when the sandy soil is also shallow. Under these circumstances, sprinkler or drip irrigation are more suitable than surface irrigation.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the drip irrigation system, water is applied more to the places of the plant root area. Compare to other irrigation methods, drip irrigation is more efficient and can be applied more frequently. The low irrigation rate of drip irrigation makes it most suitable for both sandy and clay soils.

Detailed explanation-4: -Aluminum or PVC pipes are generally used for portable systems, while steel pipes are usually used for center-pivot laterals. Asbestos, cement, PVC and wrapped steel are usually used for buried laterals and main lines.

Detailed explanation-5: -Clay soil can easily form a crust and the infiltration rates are low. So, Sprinkler irrigation is not suitable.