CLIMATE OF INDIA
EL NINO AND SOUTHERN OSCILLATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Decrease near both Australia and Peru.
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Increase near both Australia and Peru.
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Decrease near Australia and increase near Peru.
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Increase near Australia and decrease near Peru.
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Detailed explanation-1: -During El Niño the trade winds weaken, releasing heat to the atmosphere and the warm pool and rainband shift to the east, causing dry and hot conditions in Australia. During La Niña, the trade winds and warm pool intensify, leading to more rainfall and lower temperatures in Australia.
Detailed explanation-2: -Generally-but not always-El Niño events tend to be inflationary. El Niño brings drought to Australia, India, and Indonesia in the Southern Hemisphere summer and to South America in the Southern Hemisphere winter. Source: U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Climate Prediction Center.
Detailed explanation-3: -During El Niño, trade winds weaken. Warm water is pushed back east, toward the west coast of the Americas.
Detailed explanation-4: -El Niño episodes are defined as continuous warming of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, thus resulting in a decrease in the strength of the Pacific trade winds, and a reduction in rainfall over eastern and northern Australia, particularly in winter and spring.