CLIMATE OF INDIA
EL NINO AND SOUTHERN OSCILLATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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cold water off the Atlantic coast of South America
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warm water in the Pacific off the coast of South America
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warm water in the Pacific off the coast of Mexico
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cold water in the Pacific off the coast of Mexico
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Detailed explanation-1: -Warm water is pushed back east, toward the west coast of the Americas. El Niño means Little Boy in Spanish. South American fishermen first noticed periods of unusually warm water in the Pacific Ocean in the 1600s. The full name they used was El Niño de Navidad, because El Niño typically peaks around December.
Detailed explanation-2: -El Niño occurs when warm water builds up along the equator in the eastern Pacific. The warm ocean surface warms the atmosphere, which allows moisture-rich air to rise and develop into rainstorms.
Detailed explanation-3: -Rainfall increases on the coasts of Ecuador, the northern part of Peru, and southern zones of Chile. In Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia there will be drought in the mountainous and Andean zones, implying retreat of glaciers with subsequent changes in the availability of water and in local biodiversity.