CLIMATE OF INDIA
EL NINO AND SOUTHERN OSCILLATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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a. low rainfall and high temperatures
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b. fewer cyclones
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c. increased fire danger
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a, b & c
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Detailed explanation-1: -Warmer temperatures El Niño years tend to see warmer-than-average temperatures across most of southern Australia, particularly during the second half of the year. In general, decreased cloud cover results in warmer-than-average daytime temperatures, particularly in the spring and summer months.
Detailed explanation-2: -The El Niño Southern Oscillation, or ENSO, has a big influence on Victorian climate over winter and spring. The Pacific Ocean trade winds blow from an easterly direction, pushing moist air towards Australia. This moist tropical air is a big source of rain across eastern Australia, including Victoria.
Detailed explanation-3: -El Niño causes the Pacific jet stream to move south and spread further east. During winter, this leads to wetter conditions than usual in the Southern U.S. and warmer and drier conditions in the North. El Niño also has a strong effect on marine life off the Pacific coast.
Detailed explanation-4: -El Nino refers to the large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate interaction linked to periodic warming in sea surface temperatures across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific. It is associated with high pressure in the western Pacific. El Nino adversely impacts the Indian monsoons and hence, agriculture in India.